Plants in the wild could be given resistance to herbicides.
Weedy rice may pick up transgenes from genetically modified crop rice through cross-pollination. Credit: Xiao Yang
A technique of genetic modification widely used to create crops that are resistant to herbicides has been found to give advantages to a weedy form of rice even in the absence of the herbicide. ラウンドアップ suggests that these modifications may affect the natural environment beyond farms.
Many kinds of plants are genetically modified to be resistive to the glyphosate. Roundup was the first herbicide to be sold. This glyphosate-resistant crop allows farmers to wipe out most plants without damaging their crop.
ラウンドアップ slows the growth of plants through blocking an enzyme, known as EPSP synthase, which is responsible for the production of specific amino acids as well as other molecules that comprise about 35% of a plant’s mass. https://www.kohnan-eshop.com/shop/g/g4957919634894/ -modification technique — utilized, for instance in Roundup Ready crops made by the biotech giant Monsanto which is headquartered in St Louis, Missouri — typically includes inserting genes into a crop’s genome to boost EPSP-synthase production. ラウンドアップ are usually derived from bacteria that infect crops.
The additional EPSP synase allows for plants to counter the effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs are also attempting to utilize genes that come from plants instead of bacteria to boost EPSP synthase. This is mainly due to the US law allows approval by the regulatory authorities to allow organisms that have transgenes to be accepted.
There aren’t many studies that have looked into whether transgenes that confer resistance to glyphosate increase the competitiveness of plants in reproductive success and longevity once they are introduced to wild or weedy relatives by cross-pollination. Norman Ellstrand of University of California Riverside states, “The conventional expectation is that any transgene found in the wild could confer disadvantage if there’s no selection pressure because the additional machinery may decrease the health.”
Lu Baorong from Fudan University in Shanghai is in the process of challenging this notion. The study shows that glyphosate resistance even when not applied to an weedy type of rice crop can provide a significant health benefit.
Lu and coworkers modified the cultivated rice species to enhance its EPSP synthase. The modified rice was then cross-bred with a wild ancestor.
The team then allowed offspring that were cross-bred to breed with one-another, creating second generation hybrids which were genetically identical to their parents, except for how many copies of the gene that encodes EPSP synthase. As expected, ラウンドアップ 蓋 with more copies expressed higher levels of the enzyme and produced more amino acids tryptophan than their non-modified counterparts.
Researchers also discovered that transgenics had higher rates, more flowers, and 48 to 125 percent more seeds per plant than nontransgenics.
Lu suggests that making rice that is weedy more competitive could increase the risk for farmers across the world who’s fields are being infested by the pest.
https://mujin-heri.jp/yakuzai/js-55.html -Lloyd from Brian Ford-Lloyd, a researcher at the University of Birmingham, UK Brian Ford-Lloyd from the University of Birmingham, UK “If the EPSP synthase gene is introduced to wild rice varieties their genetic diversity is crucial for conserving, could be at risk because it could surpass the regular varieties.” “This is one clear example of the highly plausible negative consequences [of GM plantson our environment.”
This study also challenges the notion that genetically modified plants with extra copies of their genes are less risky than those containing microorganism genes. “Our study suggests that this isn’t necessarily the case,” Lu says. Lu.
Certain researchers believe that this finding requires a review of the future regulation of crops that have been genetically modified. “Some individuals are claiming that biosafety regulations can be eased because we’ve reached an extremely high level of satisfaction with two decades of genetic engineering,” Ellstrand says. This study isn’t proof that new products are safe.