First of all, what is Roundup Ready and what are the Roundup Ready plants? Roundup Ready is the trademark name of a line of genetically modified plants which are resistant to Roundup. These crops are known as Roundup Ready crops.
Roundup was created by whom?
Glyphosate is the active agent in Roundup, was first discovered as an herbicide in the year 1970 by Monsanto Chemist John Franz. http://www.ihs-agri.jp/nouyaku/hatasaku-josou/hatasaku-josou-keiyou/josou101090010301.html In 1970, the majority of herbicides that were used in the agriculture field were pre-emergent. In other words, they were applied before the crops and weeds had emerged. The post-emergent action of glyphosate to control a large number of grass and broadleaf weeds was distinct, and is when combined with its exceptional environmental (soil inactivation rapid degradation, no carryover, etc) and toxicological characteristics (extremely low toxicity to beneficial organisms and mammals) and made it a breakthrough product.
ラウンドアップ What year was it when Roundup launched?
ラウンドアップ Roundup(r) which is a broad-spectrum herbicide was first introduced to the market in 1974. https://www.matsukiyo.co.jp/store/online/p/4957919634979 It quickly rose to become the top-selling agricultural chemical. Roundup(r) was originally used in ditches, railroads, and on fields between the seasons of growth, quickly rose to the forefront. This allowed farmers and ranchers to control broadleaf and grass plants that had sprung up out of the soil.
The Roundup Ready GMOs were next.
Monsanto scientists were inspired by the astonishing advances in recombinant DNA technology during the 1970s. They recognized the numerous advantages for farmers who benefited if Roundup (r) could be directly applied to their crops to control the growth of weeds. The issue was initially addressed by a small group of scientists led by Dr Ernie Jaworski (Rob Horsch and Steve Rogers), The first methods for introducing genes into plants were developed by this team in the early 1980s. After that, our focus shifted towards the development of virusesresistant and insect-resistant and Roundup-resistant crops.
It was found that Roundup glyphosate inhibited plants’ capacity to make aromatic amino acids. Roundup’s extremely high rating in mammalian safety was because of this. Glyphosate is also rapidly processed in the soil by microorganisms. Our research had identified both microbial and plant genetics that conferred greater tolerance to herbicides. Roundup Ready plants were first examined on the field by USDA in 1987. This was a Roundup-resistant tomato crop made of the genetically altered tomato plant. They were also tolerant to Roundup. After a few years the Roundup Ready gene was identified and isolated.
Let’s use soybeans as an example. ラウンドアップ https://www.jacom.or.jp/nouyaku/news/2019/10/191024-39457.php We first need to answer two questions. What are Roundup Ready soybeans and how do they make them? Roundup Ready soybeans can be described as genetically engineered soybeans whose DNA has been modified so that they can resist Roundup’s main ingredient known as glyphosate. They are able to withstand Roundup as each soybean seed has been injected with the Roundup ready gene prior to its planting. Farmers can use Roundup Ready gene to spray their fields without harming their crops.
Roundup Ready crops, which were introduced in the year 1996 have revolutionized agriculture research and agriculture. Roundup resistance was immediately recognized by farmers, and adoption was quick. Today, more than 90% of U.S. soybeans are grown with a biotech gene for herbicide tolerance. Along with simplifying and improving weed management systems which increased crop yields, Roundup Ready crops reduced the amount of tillage required and decreased the expense of equipment and allowed for easier harvests due to “cleaner areas” with fewer weeds. ラウンドアップ Conservation tillage has had an environmental impact that is significant. Farmers have reduced their energy usage and emissions of GHGs through the use of less plowing. This protects the soil’s structure and slows erosion. This is equivalent to removing 28.3 billion kilograms of carbon dioxide (or 12.4 million cars) from the roads. https://www.kohnan-eshop.com/shop/g/g4957919634894/ Source: PG Economy.